Forming the Subjunctives 

Index Page



 

Tenses
Rules for Forming the Actives
Actives
Passives
Rules for Forming the Passives
         
Present
  • Take the typical present indicative active root.

  •  
  • Change stem to -E-/-EA-/-A-/-IA-, depending on the conjugation.

  •  
  • Add the regular active personal endings (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt).
I: laude

II: moneam

III: duca

IV: audiam

III-io: capiam

lauder

monear

duca

audiar

capiar

  • Change the active personal endings to the passive personal endings

  • (-r, -ris/-re, -tur, -mur, -mini, -ntur).
         
Imperfect
  • Take the present active infinitive (second part fo the verb).

  •  
  • Add the regular active personal endings (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt).
I: laudârem

II: monêrem

III: ducerem

IV: audîre

III-io: caperem

laudârer

monêrer

ducerer

audîre

caperer

  • Change the active personal endings to the passive personal endings

  • (-r, -ris/ -re, -tur, -mur, -mini, -ntur).
         
Perfect
  • Take the perfect stem from the third part of the verb.

  •  
  • Add -ERI-.

  •  
  • Add the regular active personal ending (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt).
I: laudaveri

II: monuerim

III: duxerim

IV: audiveri

III-io: ceperim

laudâtus sim

monitus sim

ductus sim

audîtus sim

captus sim

  • Use the past participle, the fourth part of the verb.

  •  
  • Add the present subjunctive of sum.

  • ( = sim, etc.).
         
Pluperfect
  • Take the perfect active infinitive (ending in -isse).

  •  
  • Add the regular active personal endings (-m, -s, -t, -mus, -tis, -nt).
I: laudavisse

II: monuissem

III: duxissem

IV: audivisse

III-io: cepissem

laudâtus essem

monitus essem

ductus essem

audîtus essem

captus essem

  • Use the past participle, the fourth part of the verb.

  •  
  • Add the imperfect subjunctive of sum 

  • ( = essem, etc.).

 

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