Forming Nominative Plurals for Declensions 1-3 

Index


Decl.
Rule for forming
the nominative plural
Examples:

nom., gen. sg. > root > pl. nom.

Modifying nom. plurals

1/2 decl. adj.   3 decl. adj.

           

1

The root form is the genitive singular form minus its typical ending -ae. Take this root-form and add

-AE

forma, formae > form- > formae
cura, curae > cur- > curae
via, viae > vi- > viae
formae bonae
curae bonae
viae bonae
formae popularês
curae popularês
viae popularês
             
             

2

For MASCULINE AND FEMININE WORDS, the root form is the genitive singular form minus its typical ending -î. Take this root-form and add

animus, animî > anim- > animî
campus, campî > camp- > campî
oculus, oculî > ocul- > oculî
minister, ministrî> ministr- > ministrî
puer, puerî > puer- > puerî
animî bonî
campî bonî
oculî bonî
animî popularês
campî popularês
oculî popularês
             
  For NEUTER WORDS, the root form is the genitive singular form minus its typical ending -î . Take this root-form and add

-A

verbum, verbî > verb- > verba
templum, templî > templ- > templa
signum, signî > sign- > signa
verba bona
templa bona
signa bona
verba popularia
templa popularia
signa popularia
             
             

3

For MASCULINE AND FEMININE WORDS, the root form is the genitive singular form minus its typical ending -is. Take this root-form and add

-ÊS

mens, mentis > ment- > mentês
navis, navis > nav- > navês
lex, legis > leg- > legês
consul, consulis > consul- > consulês
labor, laboris > labor- > laborês
homo, hominis > homin- > hominês
mentês bonae
navês bonae
legês bonae
consulês bonî
laborês bonî
hominês bonî
mentês popularês
navês popularês
legês popularês
consulês popularês
laborês popularês
hominês popularês
             
  For NEUTER WORDS, the root form is the genitive singular form minus its typical ending - is. Take this root-form and add

-A

corpus, corporis > corpor- > corpora
os, oris > or- > ora
genus, generis > gener- > genera
corpora bona
ora bona
genera bona
corpora popularia
ora popularia
genera popularia
             

 

1. Genitive singulars are given with the lexical form, for example: forma, -ae; oculus, ; rex, regis. Learn genitive singulars together with the nominative singular forms from the vocabulary lists. The genitive singular indicates the declension to which the word belongs:

Genitive in -ae = 1st declension

Genitive in -î = 2d declension

Genitive in -is = 3d declension



2. Adjectives of the -us / -a / -um type are called adjectives of the first and second declensions. They never get declension endings from the other declensions, even if the nouns they modify are from other declensions. Hence, mentês bonae is correct. You will never find mentês bonês.
 

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